Chloroplasts | Microschool Dev

Chloroplasts are specialized organelles found in plant cells and eukaryotic algae that conduct photosynthesis. These tiny cellular factories capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy in the form of glucose, releasing oxygen as a byproduct. Their internal structure, featuring thylakoid membranes organized into grana, is crucial for the light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis. The discovery and understanding of chloroplasts have been pivotal in comprehending plant life, energy flow in ecosystems, and the very composition of Earth's atmosphere.